SharkLinux 4.13.0-17

SharkLinux is an Ubuntu-based distribution featuring the MATE desktop environment. The project has released new installation media labeled SharkLinux 4.13.0-17. "This release comes with several system changes from previous builds which aim to increase system efficiency and allow greater control for user configuration. The more significant upgrades include changes to package management and the new 'pkg' command which significantly reduce install times and provide fallbacks in the event of mirror outages, configurations at startup are no longer network dependent and finish in 50% of the execution time from previous builds and tools added to allow easy toggling of both the automatic system maintenance and default sudo behaviour. As well SharkLinux has adopted the 'edge' variant of Ubuntu's HWE kernel and now features the 4.13 series kernel." Further details on the new features and package updates can be found in the project's release announcement. Download (MD5): SharkLinux-4.13.0-17.iso (1,551MB, pkglist).

VyOS 1.1.8

Daniil Baturin has announced the release of VyOS 1.1.8, an updated version of the Debian-based distribution for firewalls and routers born in 2013 from the ashes of the discontinued Vyatta project: "VyOS 1.1.8 is now available for download. It breaks the semantic versioning convention; while the version number implies a bug-fix-only release, it actually includes a number of new features. This is because 1.2.0 number is already assigned to the Jessie-based release that is still in beta, but not including those features that have been in the code base for a while and a few of them have already been in production for some users would feel quite wrong, especially considering the long delay between the releases. Overall it's pretty close in scope to the original 1.2.0 release plan before Debian Squeeze was EOLed and we had to switch the effort to getting rid of the legacy that was keeping us from moving to a newer base distribution." See the release announcement and the changelog for further information. Download (SHA1, pkglist): vyos-1.1.8-amd64.iso (230MB, signature), vyos-1.1.8-i586.iso (220MB, signature). Also available from OSDisc.

GhostBSD 11.1-RC1

GhostBSD is a desktop-oriented operating system based on FreeBSD. The project has published a new release candidate for the 11.1 series, GhostBSD 11.1-RC1. The new development snapshot removes GRUB from the system installer to prevent a number of bugs and ZFS volume configuration has been updated. "This last development release of GhostBSD 11.1 is ready for testing. All MATE and Xfce images are available only for 64-bit architectures. For some of you, it might be shock that we are dropping i386 it is a decision that was hard to make. We hope for those that need i386 will find refuge to another BSD project. On this RC release, we need help to find more problems. GhostBSD 11.1 is our first release featuring our own software package repository. What changed in 11.1 RC1: We removed GRUB from the installer for 11.1 as it has caused us a lot of problems, and this is why the release is late; ZFS configuration. Issues that got fixed: The partition list was not deleted when pressing back; the installer was not listing ZFS disk correctly." The release announcement invites people testing GhostBSD to report bugs. Download (pkglist): GhostBSD11.1-RC1-20171031-142739-mate-amd64.iso (2,398MB, SHA256), GhostBSD11.1-RC1-20171031-143943-xfce-amd64.iso (2,269MB, SHA256).

Pardus 17.1

Pardus, a Debian-based Turkish Linux distribution for desktops and servers, has been updated to version 17.1. The new release offers three separate ISO images with distinct names that indicate the purpose - Xfce, DDE (Deepin Desktop Environment) and Server. The release notes are available in Turkish only, but an online translation service reveals a changelog in this interim release of Pardus: The default name of the download directory has changed from 'Downloads' to 'İndirilenler'; the system settings menu has been enhanced; the default printer test page has been redesigned; the password of the pre-defined 'pardus' user is removed when the live system is turned on; the crash that occurred when the gdebi program was run with a graphical interface was fixed; the crash in certain parts of the gnome-disks program have been fixed; new desktop wallpapers added; many packages have been updated; the theme has been refreshed; Deepin Desktop Media support added; many security and system performance patches have been added." Further information on the software available in Pardus 17.1 can be found in the project's release notes. Download (SHA512, pkglist): Pardus-17.1-XFCE-amd64.iso (1,258MB), Pardus-17.1-DDE-amd64.iso (1,283MB), Pardus-17.1-SERVER-amd64.iso (518MB).

Change Default runlevel in Debian 9

Switch to the root user.


sudo su -


su -

Method 1

Let’s check the current run level by using the following command.

# systemctl get-default graphical.target

Before changing the default runlevel, check out the available targets.

# systemctl list-units --type=target

The output will look like below:


 Issue the following command to change the default runlevel to runlevel 3 (nothing but a multi-user.target).

# systemctl set-default multi-user.target

 Confirm the default runlevel.

 # systemctl get-default multi-user.target

Reboot and check it out.

 # reboot

Method 2

 In the previous method, we made the runlevel 3 as the default runlevel. You can also confirm that using the following command.


# systemctl get-default multi-user.target

 For a demo, issue the following command to make runlevel 5 as the default runlevel.

# ln -sf /lib/systemd/system/runlevel5.target /etc/systemd/system/default.target


# ln -sf /lib/systemd/system/graphical.target /etc/systemd/system/default.target

 Again check the current level. Now the default runlevel is graphical mode(runlevel 5).

4MLinux 23.0

4MLinux is a simple Linux distribution for desktops and servers; it uses the lightweight JWM window manager together with the LTS Linux kernel 4.9 and somewhat conservative applications and tools, including the increasingly rare-to-see LILO bootloader. After prolonged testing, the distribution's 23 branch has now been declared "stable": "The status of the 4MLinux 23.0 series has been changed to STABLE. Create your own images with GIMP 2.8.22, edit your documents with LibreOffice 5.4.3 and GNOME Office (AbiWord 3.0.2 with Gnumeric 1.12.35), share your files using DropBox 37.4.29, surf the Internet with Firefox 56.0 and Chromium 61.0.3163.100, stay in touch with your friends via Skype 5.5.0.1 and Thunderbird 52.4.0, enjoy your music collection with Audacious 3.9, watch your favorite videos with MPlayer SVN-r37931 and VLC 2.2.6. 4MLinux 23.0 comes with much improved support for FAAC, GIF, JPEG 2000, Monkey's Audio and Musepack file formats. GNOME Office has been added as a downloadable extension. Full support for SCSI, RAID and LVM devices is now available out of the box. And finally, the biggest change is related to the installation script, which now makes it possible to install 4MLinux on ext2, ext3, ext4, ReiserFS, JFS, XFS, Btrfs and NILFS2 partitions." Here is the brief release announcement. Download (MD5): 4MLinux-23.0.iso (638MB, pkglist). Also available from OSDisc.